Association Between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders in Iraqi Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Vitamin D is very important for immune regulation and has been
implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune
thyroid disorders. It has been established that patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2DM) have chronic low-grade inflammation and immune
dysregulations that might predispose them to autoimmune thyroid disease.
The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between serum 25
hydroxyvitamin D levels and autoimmune thyroid disease in adults with
T2DM. We have found that a low level of vitamin D may be associated with
increased autoimmune responses against the thyroid gland, and this may be
one of the factors that lead to the onset and advancement of autoimmune
thyroid diseases in this group of people. The paper highlights the need to
assess vitamin D status in patients with T2DM as a potential preventive or
therapeutic measure to reduce the risk of thyroid autoimmunity and its
complications. More longitudinal research and clinical interventions are
justified to clarify the causal association and to investigate the utility of
vitamin D supplementation in the high-risk population.